Prepare

As Jesus continues his Sermon on the Mount, he shifts his focus from God’s character and wide blessing to the character of disciples. He proclaims they “are the salt of the earth” and “the light of the world” and encourages them to act accordingly (Matthew 5:13-14, NRSVue).

Verse 16 is commonly used in Lutheran baptismal liturgies as a way of proclaiming that this same identity and calling, first given to Jesus’s earliest followers, now belongs to those who are newly baptized and to us as his followers today.

But Jesus also reminds his disciples (ancient and modern) that what he is preaching is nothing new. He did not “come to abolish the Law or the Prophets” (Matthew 5:17, NRSVue). He points us to the commandments, and not just the Ten! There are actually 613 commandments in the Torah. Jesus famously mentions the two most important in Matthew 22:35-40.

These two might be considered one because one can’t fully love God without loving your neighbor and vice versa. Martin Luther might agree, as he starts each of his commandment explanations in the Small Catechism with the same phrase: “We are to fear and love God, so that…” But regardless of how these are numbered, we are called to follow the guidance of the past.

Which brings us to today’s assigned reading from Isaiah. Chapter 58 is part of what scholars call Third Isaiah, which means its original historical context is the return from exile in Babylon. The people’s ancestors were sent into exile after they strayed from God and God’s ways, failing to live in accordance with God’s commandments. They did not heed the warnings of God’s prophets. So God “hit the reset button” by allowing Babylon to conquer them. Upon their return, they had to rebuild and make decisions about how to order their society, and here the prophet shares words of wisdom from God.

Opening Exercise

1. Icebreaker Question Options:

• Which of the five basic tastes (sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami) do you think is your favorite? And what is your favorite food that highlights that taste?
• Tell about a time when you fasted (it doesn’t have to be from food or for religious reasons).

Text Read Aloud

Isaiah 58:1-12
Matthew 5:13-20

Salt, Light, and the Life of Discipleship

This week’s assigned Gospel reading is a continuation of Jesus’s Sermon on the Mount, which began last week with the Beatitudes. In that opening passage, we heard about how wide, and at times seemingly illogical, God’s blessing truly is.

Now Jesus’s teaching shifts to focus more on the life of discipleship, that is, who we are called to be in light of who God is. Jesus tells his followers that they are salt and light. But he also warns them that one can be those things and not fulfill their intended purpose. You can be salt, but not preserve and flavor food, maintain healthy bodies, or melt ice.

Chemically speaking, any neutral compound made up of an anion and a cation held together by an ionic bond is a salt. But for simplicity, going forward, when I say salt, I’m going to be referring to table salt (sodium chloride NaCl). As the proud owner of a BS in Chemistry, I hope you will believe me when I tell you: salt CANNOT lose it saltiness.

When you grind salt, you break down its crystalline structure, but you don’t break the ionic bond. Crushing salt does not cause it to lose its saltiness. When you dissolve salt in water, you do break the ionic bond and are left with Na+ and Cl- ions floating around in solution. But when the water is removed—evaporated away—the ions simply recombine back into salt. Water does not cause salt to lose its saltiness.

What you can do is render salt not useful by mixing it with impurities. If you mix salt with the wrong things—for example dirt—then you aren’t going to want to use it to flavor your food or balance your electrolytes. However, it is still salt.

Same thing with a light. You can be light, but not usefully illuminate anything. A light doesn’t stop being bright just because you block the photons from getting to your eyes. Yet, what is the point? It is simply a waste of electricity or fire fuel.

Thankfully, Isaiah gives us some guidance on what exactly Jesus means when he tells his followers to be salt and light. God is not as interested in personal piety and ritual as God is interested in mercy and justice. God yearns for us “to loose the bonds of injustice […] let the oppressed go free […] share [our] bread with the hungry […] bring the homeless poor into [our] house,” etc (Isaiah 58:6-7, NRSVue).

That is how God wants us to shine our light. God’s word, including the commandments, are not meant to be a grading rubric for us to use against others to see if they measure up and are worthy of God’s love. All humans are beloved children of God, made in God’s image. We are all salt and light, and we are called to act accordingly. And when (not if, but when) we fall short, we can trust that God will still love us and welcome us into the kingdom, for the “least in the kingdom of heaven” are still in the kingdom (Matthew 5:19, NRSVue)!

Reflection Questions

• What work does Jesus call his disciples to be about?
• What does it mean to be “the salt of the earth” and “the light of the world”?
• What things get in the way of you being salt and light? What might we need to fast from?
• Which commandment is the hardest to keep? Which commandment is the most commonly broken?

Closing Activity

• Make a two-column chart. At the top of one column write “Fast” and at the top of the other column write “Feast.” Work as a group to fill in the two columns with specific examples of what God calls us to fast from (aka give up, avoid, divest from, spend less time/money/energy on) and what God calls us to feast on (aka prioritize, invest in, spend more time/money/energy on). If you need help getting started, look up William Arthur Ward’s poem “Fasting and Feasting.”

Final Blessing

• Give each participant a candle to hold or light one candle in the midst of the group (be careful around open flames). Then go around the group and say to each participant: “(Name), you are the salt of the earth, you are the light of the world.”
• You could have the whole group say it to each person, the leader proclaim to each, or pass the message from one person to the next, sort of like a game of telephone.
• End by announcing “(Local slang for the plural you ex: y’all or youse) are the salt of the earth and the light of the world.” And the group responding “We are the salt of the earth and the light of the world.”

Bio of Author

Leslie Weber is a pastor, spouse, mother, daughter, sister, friend, and ally. She serves at Grace Lutheran Church (Chesapeake, VA) and Holy Communion Lutheran Church (Portsmouth, VA). Her favorite salty snack is soft pretzels served with warm cheese dip and her favorite sweet treat is a chocolate-covered caramel with plenty of sea salt on top.

Prepare (This section is preparation for the leader, not content meant for the whole group.)
Luke 14:25–33 gives us two of Jesus’ hardest sayings: that anyone who doesn’t “hate” their family and life itself cannot follow him, and that disciples must give up all their possessions. These statements sound extreme, but some context helps.

At the start of the passage a large crowd is following Jesus. Crowds have been gathering around him since the very beginning of his ministry in Luke. Each time, Jesus makes it clear that following him is costly. Here, he uses deliberately shocking, hyperbolic language to force the crowd to consider what discipleship really requires.

In the first-century Jewish world, family responsibilities were foundational. To abandon or even appear to neglect them could bring severe social, physical, and material consequences. So when Jesus says his followers must “hate” even their own families, it would have landed even more harshly then than it does for us now. The word “hate” here doesn’t mean hostility but comparison—it points to the idea of loving something less than something else. Jesus is saying that following him requires placing him above everything else, even the most important commitments and possessions in life. That’s why, after offering two examples that show the importance of counting the cost—one about building a tower and one about a king preparing for war—Jesus concludes by saying that anyone who wants to follow him must be willing to give up all their possessions.

This passage reminds us that discipleship is not casual. It demands reordering our loves, loosening our grip on what we hold most dear, and choosing Christ first.

Opening Exercise

• In a pair or a group of three, tell of the best volunteer experience you have ever had and what made it the best?

Read Aloud

• Luke 14:25-33

Discipleship, Time, and Loving Less
Today we celebrate God’s Work, Our Hands Sunday across the ELCA. Since it began in September 2013, this day has invited congregations to show the love and concern God’s people have for one another. Through acts of service—big and small—we explore one of our most basic Lutheran convictions: by God’s grace we are free to love and serve our neighbor. We don’t have to do that. We want to do it in response to the love and grace God has first given us.

But there’s a challenge to loving and serving—and it’s one many of us face every day: time. Many studies indicate that one of, if not the, biggest barrier to serving or volunteering is lack of time. And with little to no concrete data, but with a fair amount of certainty, I’d bet that lack of time is what keeps many teens from becoming more involved at church or in the youth group. Sports, school, band, dance, a job, and any number of other things are competing priorities that make it hard to serve or get engaged. It’s not that the things we do aren’t good or worthwhile. But, sometimes, what we love most prevents us from responding to the love God calls us to share.

This tension echoes Luke 14:25–33, where Jesus challenges the crowd with the cost of discipleship. He uses shocking language, saying that anyone who doesn’t “hate” their family and possessions cannot follow him. Yet, I don’t think “hate” here means hostility or contempt. Rather, I read it as loving something less than something else. Jesus is asking the crowd to consider: what do we love most? And are we willing to place him above all—even our family, our possessions, our time?

Like the crowds following Jesus, many of us want to do good in the world—but feel we don’t have the time. And yet, hidden in Jesus’ hard words is an invitation: an invitation to reorder our loves and to follow him—not alone, but alongside others. With the school year starting and schedules filling up, this is a moment to pause and reflect: what in our lives is getting more of our love and attention than God? How might we choose differently so that we can live into the service God calls us to? 

God’s Work, Our Hands Sunday is a small reminder that discipleship is costly—but it is also a gift. The gift is not just the work we do for others, but the chance to follow Jesus together, letting our lives bear witness to God’s love in a world that desperately needs it.

Reflection Questions

• What sticks out to you most in the scripture passage we read and why?
• When Jesus says we have to “give up all our possessions,” what do you think he means? Do you hear that as literal, or pointing to something else?
• Why do you think Jesus talks about following him in such extreme ways? What does that show us about what discipleship means?
• If you were to love other things less and take discipleship more seriously in the year ahead, how would your life be different, if at all?

Closing Activity

• Have each person list how they spend their time during the week. Suggest checking their phone’s screen time for a reality check. Then ask: Is this how you want to spend your life? What’s missing? What would you take off?
• Come up with a list of service events you and your young people can do throughout the year.

Prayer
Gracious God, our hearts are pulled in many directions. We give our time and energy to so many things—some good, some not so good. And yet you call us first to follow you. Teach us to love what you love, and to serve as you serve, so that our lives show your grace at work in us. Forgive us when we chase after lesser things, and keep drawing us back by your mercy. Strengthen us to count the cost of discipleship, and to discover in it the joy of life with you. Amen.

Bio
Cogan Blackmon is a pastor who believes the church is at its best when it listens closely to the stories people carry. As Associate Pastor of Cross of Grace Lutheran Church in New Palestine, Indiana, and editor of Faith Lens, he explores the intersection of scripture, culture, and everyday life, sharing reflections that help readers see faith in fresh ways. Outside of ministry and editing, you’ll likely find him with a cup of coffee in hand, exploring local food and beverage venues with his family, or listening to folk and Americana music.